Because of the current state of senseless rioting in India, and my earlier posts on the direct connection between Congress losing an election and there being rioting, am reading a lot about the genesis of rioting in India.
These are some sources, to be explored later:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_online_newspaper_archives#India
https://archive.org/details/MadrasCourier1819/page/n7/mode/2up
Hicky's Bengal Gazette: https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/hbg1781_7/0001/image
The Hindu Archives are online and 10 free articles can be read in one month for free, after which one needs to subscribe.
https://digital.soas.ac.uk/AA00000589/00159/2x
This is a journal by Indian National Congress. You can see from Page 1 itself that the objective of the Congress was to divide and view the native religions in terms of their share in the population, and give them equitable representation. The idea of religion based division is inherent in the Congress. At the very first paper, and in the very first writing, they divide people, not by geography, but by religion and ONLY by religion.
It is also important to note that the Indian National Congress was NOT started by Indians. It was started by A.O. Hume and prominent Indians were inducted into the party.
This is Andhra papers:
http://pressacademyarchives.ap.nic.in/Newspaper.aspx
The Calcutta Gazette: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.92501/page/n23/mode/2up
This is a book that is dedicated to Mumbai riots and I found a lot of insight in this:
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=QRmJCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT131&lpg=PT131&dq=1936+archives+of+the+hindu&source=bl&ots=w8NJ6KK8MK&sig=ACfU3U3jNaWu6GBsyP3s6xIXYzw-g3tBZw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiDxIKHz6PnAhXlH7cAHVlQDvsQ6AEwBHoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=1936%20archives%20of%20the%20hindu&f=false
The peace between Hindus and Muslims has always been precarious in India. The Muslim rulers came from a place where the goal was universal conversion to Islam. There was nothing wrong with it - those were the precepts of Islam. However, underlying that religious zeal also, I suspect, was the political and financial angle - the Hindoos had most of the wealth and the only way to get that wealth was to subject them to the ulema.
But I think, that if we have to understand the radicalisation of India, we have to understand the radicalisation of Jinnah. With a Hindu mother and a Hindu wife, and a very English education, he was the last candidate for radicalisation. Yet, not only was he radicalised, but also that he led the radicalisation and separation initiative for ALL muslims. All pointers very welcome.
These are some sources, to be explored later:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_online_newspaper_archives#India
https://archive.org/details/MadrasCourier1819/page/n7/mode/2up
Hicky's Bengal Gazette: https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/hbg1781_7/0001/image
The Hindu Archives are online and 10 free articles can be read in one month for free, after which one needs to subscribe.
https://digital.soas.ac.uk/AA00000589/00159/2x
This is a journal by Indian National Congress. You can see from Page 1 itself that the objective of the Congress was to divide and view the native religions in terms of their share in the population, and give them equitable representation. The idea of religion based division is inherent in the Congress. At the very first paper, and in the very first writing, they divide people, not by geography, but by religion and ONLY by religion.
It is also important to note that the Indian National Congress was NOT started by Indians. It was started by A.O. Hume and prominent Indians were inducted into the party.
This is Andhra papers:
http://pressacademyarchives.ap.nic.in/Newspaper.aspx
The Calcutta Gazette: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.92501/page/n23/mode/2up
This is a book that is dedicated to Mumbai riots and I found a lot of insight in this:
https://books.google.co.in/books?id=QRmJCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT131&lpg=PT131&dq=1936+archives+of+the+hindu&source=bl&ots=w8NJ6KK8MK&sig=ACfU3U3jNaWu6GBsyP3s6xIXYzw-g3tBZw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiDxIKHz6PnAhXlH7cAHVlQDvsQ6AEwBHoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=1936%20archives%20of%20the%20hindu&f=false
The peace between Hindus and Muslims has always been precarious in India. The Muslim rulers came from a place where the goal was universal conversion to Islam. There was nothing wrong with it - those were the precepts of Islam. However, underlying that religious zeal also, I suspect, was the political and financial angle - the Hindoos had most of the wealth and the only way to get that wealth was to subject them to the ulema.
But I think, that if we have to understand the radicalisation of India, we have to understand the radicalisation of Jinnah. With a Hindu mother and a Hindu wife, and a very English education, he was the last candidate for radicalisation. Yet, not only was he radicalised, but also that he led the radicalisation and separation initiative for ALL muslims. All pointers very welcome.
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